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用于可穿戴AR設(shè)備的高速低延時(shí)無線MAC協(xié)議
2020年電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用第10期
汪 健,丁福建,,劉海波,,劉文文,林慶毫,,林 敏
上海大學(xué) 通信與信息工程學(xué)院,,上海200444
摘要: 針對消費(fèi)級AR眼鏡與智能手機(jī)的無線通信場景需求,提出一種超高速,、低功耗、低時(shí)延,、短距離的定制化無線MAC協(xié)議,。首先從應(yīng)用場景的需求出發(fā),對有效吞吐率,、時(shí)延等指標(biāo)進(jìn)行定量分析,,再通過指標(biāo)進(jìn)行協(xié)議的設(shè)計(jì)。與現(xiàn)有的ECMA-398協(xié)議相比,,有效吞吐率標(biāo)準(zhǔn)從71%提高到86%,,通過引入數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)先級機(jī)制來減少延時(shí),使得關(guān)鍵數(shù)據(jù)的最大幀傳輸延時(shí)相比同類的ECMA-398協(xié)議降低了一個(gè)量級(小于1 ms),;然后根據(jù)指標(biāo)完成系統(tǒng)級模型的搭建與仿真,、RTL級的編碼與驗(yàn)證;最后通過FPGA平臺進(jìn)行測試,。仿真和測試結(jié)果表明,,所設(shè)計(jì)的定制化MAC協(xié)議可以較好地滿足場景需求。
中圖分類號: TN92
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼: A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.200156
中文引用格式: 汪健,,丁福建,,劉海波,等. 用于可穿戴AR設(shè)備的高速低延時(shí)無線MAC協(xié)議[J].電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,,2020,,46(10):73-78.
英文引用格式: Wang Jian,Ding Fujian,,Liu Haibo,,et al. High-speed,low-latency wireless MAC protocol for wearable AR devices[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,,2020,,46(10):73-78.
High-speed,low-latency wireless MAC protocol for wearable AR devices
Wang Jian,,Ding Fujian,,Liu Haibo,,Liu Wenwen,Lin Qinghao,,Lin Min
School of Communication and Information Engineering,,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,,China
Abstract: For the application scenario of short-range, high speed wireless communication between consumer AR glasses terminal and smart phones, a customized wireless MAC protocol with ultra-high speed, low power, low latency characteristics is presented. Firstly, based on the requirements of the application scenario, quantitative analysis of specifications such as effective throughput and latency are presented, which is followed by detailed protocol design with the target of specifications above. Compared to the existing ECMA-398 protocol, the effective throughput standard increases from 71% to 86%. By introducing priority mechanism for various type of data transmission, the maximum frame transmission latency of critical data is reduced by an order of magnitude, which is less than 1 ms. This paper completed the construction and simulation of system-level models, RTL-level coding and verification according to the analysis above. Finally, the protocol was tested through the FPGA platform. Simulation and test results show that the customized MAC protocol designed in this paper can fulfill the requirement of the scenario much better.
Key words : AR,;MAC protocol;short-range wireless,;effective throughput,;latency

0 引言

    隨著5G移動(dòng)通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展和成熟,增強(qiáng)移動(dòng)寬帶(Enhance Mobile Broadband,,EMBB)成為了下一代移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用的核心技術(shù),。增強(qiáng)現(xiàn)實(shí)(Augmented Reality,AR)設(shè)備由于高速率,、大流量,、低延時(shí)的要求,使其成為了EMBB技術(shù)中的核心應(yīng)用,。

    智能手機(jī)作為移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和技術(shù)發(fā)展最成熟最完善的移動(dòng)計(jì)算設(shè)備,,如果能夠在手機(jī)和AR眼鏡間通過一種高速低功耗的無線連接技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)連接,將智能手機(jī)作為移動(dòng)計(jì)算平臺,,而AR眼鏡被定義為提供內(nèi)容顯示和環(huán)境感知的衍生設(shè)備,,就可以使得AR眼鏡充分利用智能手機(jī)的生態(tài)和內(nèi)容。例如用戶可以用AR眼鏡來看電影,、玩3D游戲,,與親友實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)距離第一視角的場景共享等。但目前并沒有完全適合該應(yīng)用場景的近距離的無線技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),,2.4 GHz和5 GHz WiFi技術(shù)雖然成本較低,,應(yīng)用很廣,但其在延時(shí),、抗干擾性,、功耗等方面的內(nèi)生技術(shù)缺陷,使得該方案無法滿足前述場景的核心技術(shù)需求,。另一個(gè)新興的無線技術(shù)802.11ad使用了60 GHz的超高頻段,,功耗大幅度提升,無法滿足可穿戴設(shè)備對低功耗的嚴(yán)苛要求,,加上60 GHz無線電波在路徑損耗和穿透損耗方面的弱點(diǎn),,其傳輸性能極不穩(wěn)定,傳輸距離基本上在厘米的量級[1],。此外,,還有一些定制化的適用于點(diǎn)對點(diǎn)傳輸?shù)臒o線協(xié)議,,如ECMA-398等,由于其幀結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)效率較低導(dǎo)致有效吞吐率不足,,以及缺乏數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)先級劃分等設(shè)計(jì)缺陷,,也難以滿足上述場景對協(xié)議超高速和低延時(shí)的需求[2]

    因此,,本文從AR眼鏡與智能手機(jī)通信的應(yīng)用場景對各核心指標(biāo)(有效吞吐率,、延時(shí))的要求出發(fā),提出了一種點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)的超高速、低功耗,、低延時(shí)無線傳輸MAC協(xié)議,,從MAC層面為AR眼鏡和手機(jī)端的無線交互通信提供高效可靠的協(xié)議機(jī)制設(shè)計(jì)。




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作者信息:

汪  健,,丁福建,,劉海波,劉文文,,林慶毫,,林  敏

(上海大學(xué) 通信與信息工程學(xué)院,,上海200444)

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