《電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用》
您所在的位置:首頁 > 其他 > 設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)用 > 侵犯公民個(gè)人信息罪的犯罪經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分析
侵犯公民個(gè)人信息罪的犯罪經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分析
網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理 2期
蟻繼靖
(中國人民公安大學(xué) 研究生院,,北京100038)
摘要: 針對(duì)目前我國侵犯公民個(gè)人信息罪多發(fā)高發(fā)的態(tài)勢(shì),,借用犯罪經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的需求彈性理論和成本-收益模型,對(duì)2021年中國裁判文書網(wǎng)中580份侵犯公民個(gè)人信息罪刑事判決書進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析研究得出,,目前我國侵犯公民個(gè)人信息的犯罪活動(dòng)對(duì)懲罰價(jià)格的反應(yīng)在立法實(shí)踐和司法實(shí)踐中存在一定“彈性”差異,,犯罪收益可觀而犯罪成本甚微是此類犯罪多發(fā)高發(fā)的主要原因,。為有效治理侵犯公民個(gè)人信息罪,,應(yīng)從減少犯罪收益、增加犯罪成本角度入手,,持續(xù)加強(qiáng)對(duì)此類犯罪的司法打擊力度,,進(jìn)一步明晰“公民個(gè)人信息”概念范圍,適當(dāng)擴(kuò)充侵犯公民個(gè)人信息罪犯罪圈,,促使侵犯公民個(gè)人信息罪治理由“缺乏彈性”向“富有彈性”轉(zhuǎn)變,。
中圖分類號(hào): D924;F224
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A
DOI: 10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2023.02.005
引用格式: 蟻繼靖. 侵犯公民個(gè)人信息罪的犯罪經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分析[J].網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理,,2023,,42(2):31-37.
Analysis on the crime of infringing on citizens′ personal information from the perspective of economics of crime
Yi Jijing
(School of Postgraduate Students,People′s Public Security University of China,,Beijing 100038,,China)
Abstract: Abstract: With the advent of the information age, the protection of personal information security becomes pressing. In the view of the situation of frequent occurrence of crimes of infringing on citizens′ personal information in China, this paper uses two theories of Economics of Crime, Elasticity of Demand and Cost-Benefit Analysis to research on 600 papers of sentence of the crime in 2021. The papers of sentence are collected from the website of China Judgments Online. At present, there is a certain “elastic” difference in the response of the crime of infringing on citizens′ personal information to the punishment price in legislative practice and judicial practice. The main reason for the frequent occurrence of such crimes is that the crime gains are considerable while the crime costs are small. In order to effectively govern the crimes of infringing on the personal information, we should reduce the crime gains and increase the crime costs, continue to strengthen judicial crackdown, further clarify the scope of the concept of “citizen′s personal information”, appropriately expand the criminal circle of the crime of infringing on personal information, transforming the governance from “inelastic” to “elastic”.
Key words : crime of infringing on citizens′ personal information;elasticity of demand,;cost-benefit analysis

0 引言

信息時(shí)代,,個(gè)人信息安全保護(hù)變得突出和緊迫。近年來,,侵犯公民個(gè)人信息犯罪呈多發(fā),、高發(fā)態(tài)勢(shì),社會(huì)危害性日益突出,,嚴(yán)重?cái)_亂社會(huì)秩序,。《2021年全國網(wǎng)民網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全感滿意度調(diào)查總報(bào)告》顯示,,侵犯公民個(gè)人信息犯罪是2022年我國網(wǎng)民較為關(guān)注的三大網(wǎng)絡(luò)違法犯罪行為之一,。2022年最高人民檢查院工作報(bào)告顯示,2021年我國從嚴(yán)追訴侵犯公民個(gè)人信息等擾亂社會(huì)秩序,、侵犯公民權(quán)利犯罪,,共起訴3 436人,同比上升51.3%,,辦理個(gè)人信息保護(hù)領(lǐng)域公益訴訟2 000余件,,將持續(xù)加大對(duì)侵犯公民個(gè)人信息等犯罪的懲治力度。目前,,侵犯公民個(gè)人信息犯罪呈現(xiàn)數(shù)量高發(fā),、增長(zhǎng)速度快、地域分布不均衡,、犯罪黑數(shù)大,、隱蔽程度高、打擊難度大的特點(diǎn),嚴(yán)重影響我國數(shù)字生態(tài)環(huán)境和網(wǎng)民的幸福感,、安全感指數(shù),。綜上可得,有效治理侵犯公民個(gè)人信息犯罪,,是建設(shè)“數(shù)字中國”、營造良好數(shù)字生態(tài)環(huán)境進(jìn)程中必須啃下的一塊“硬骨頭”,。

理性人假設(shè)是犯罪經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的理論基礎(chǔ)[1-2],。當(dāng)犯罪收益高于預(yù)期成本,行為人往往傾向于實(shí)施犯罪行為,,反之道理亦然,。當(dāng)前,侵犯公民個(gè)人信息犯罪從單個(gè)犯罪主體演變?yōu)榉缸飯F(tuán)伙,、犯罪集團(tuán)等有組織犯罪,,成員之間的分工更具精確性和具有計(jì)劃性,犯罪手段的專業(yè)化程度更高,,且常伴隨有巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)收益[3],。因此,可運(yùn)用犯罪經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的方法對(duì)其加以分析,。

基于以上觀點(diǎn),,本文借助犯罪經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的成本收益模型和需求彈性理論,分析目前我國侵犯公民個(gè)人信息罪的犯罪成因和司法治理實(shí)踐狀況,。本文以中國裁判文書網(wǎng)2021年侵犯公民個(gè)人信息罪一審刑事判決書(共734份)為數(shù)據(jù)來源,,采取隨機(jī)抽樣的方法篩選得到不同月份、省市區(qū)的判決書(580份),,采用內(nèi)容分析法,,以職業(yè)、年齡,、文化程度,、犯罪目的、犯罪行為類型,、被判處刑罰等為變量,,形成基礎(chǔ)的研究數(shù)據(jù)。




本文詳細(xì)內(nèi)容請(qǐng)下載:http://forexkbc.com/resource/share/2000005210




作者信息:

蟻繼靖

(中國人民公安大學(xué) 研究生院,,北京100038)


此內(nèi)容為AET網(wǎng)站原創(chuàng),,未經(jīng)授權(quán)禁止轉(zhuǎn)載。