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一種低波動(dòng)的可程控恒溫箱控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)
2023年電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用第4期
柴恒1,2,,武杰1,,2,伍航1,,2,,戚勝宇1,,2,,馬鈺博1,2
(1.中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué) 近代物理系,, 安徽 合肥 230026,; 2.中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué) 核探測技術(shù)與核電子學(xué)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室, 安徽 合肥 230026)
摘要: 恒溫箱在人們的生產(chǎn)生活和科學(xué)研究中有重要作用,,如溫補(bǔ)晶振參數(shù)的測量和補(bǔ)償?shù)?。設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了一種低波動(dòng)的可程控輕便型恒溫箱控制系統(tǒng)。恒溫箱采用動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整工作電壓的方式來控制陶瓷加熱片或半導(dǎo)體制冷片的功率,,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)溫度的恒定控制,。該恒溫箱具有溫度波動(dòng)小、支持溫度曲線程控,、小型輕便的優(yōu)點(diǎn),。經(jīng)測試,本設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的恒溫箱控溫范圍為-15 ℃~80 ℃,,穩(wěn)定時(shí)溫度波動(dòng)度為±0.2 ℃,。另外,相比于采用脈寬調(diào)制控制方法的恒溫箱,,該恒溫箱有更低的系統(tǒng)電磁輻射和更高的制冷效率,,在同樣電源輸入功率的條件下,可以使溫度進(jìn)一步降低12.9 ℃,。
中圖分類號(hào):TP273
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.223352
中文引用格式: 柴恒,,武杰,伍航,,等. 一種低波動(dòng)的可程控恒溫箱控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,,2023,49(4):63-67.
英文引用格式: Chai Heng,Wu Jie,,Wu Hang,,et al. Design of a low-fluctuation software-controlled portable thermostat control system[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2023,,49(4):63-67.
Design of a low-fluctuation software-controlled portable thermostat control system
Chai Heng1,,2,Wu Jie1,,2,,Wu Hang1,2,,Qi Shengyu1,,2,Ma Yubo1,,2
(1.Department of Modern Physics,, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026,, China,; 2.State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection & Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China,, Hefei 230026,, China)
Abstract: Thermostat plays an important role in people′s production, life and scientific research, such as the measurement and compensation of temperature compensated crystal oscillator parameters. This paper designs and implements a software-controlled portable thermostat control system with low fluctuation. This thermostat uses a method to control the power of ceramic heating chip or semiconductor refrigeration chip by dynamically adjusting the working voltage, so as to realize the constant control of temperature. This thermostat has advantages of low temperature fluctuation, supporting temperature curve software control, small and portable. After testing, the temperature control range of the thermostat realized in this design is from -15 ℃ to 80 ℃, and the temperature fluctuation in stable state is ±0.2 ℃. In addition, compared with the thermostat using pulse width modulation control method, this thermostat has lower system electromagnetic radiation and higher refrigeration efficiency. Under the same power input condition, the temperature can be further reduced by 12.9 ℃.
Key words : thermostat;temperature control,;high efficiency,;low fluctuation

0 引言

恒溫箱在許多與我們生活密切相關(guān)的領(lǐng)域都發(fā)揮著重要的作用,如家電,、工業(yè),、醫(yī)藥等。隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,,越來越多具備高精度控溫,、大范圍調(diào)溫的恒溫箱被研制出來用于各種用途,如溫補(bǔ)晶振參數(shù)的測量和補(bǔ)償就需要用到小型恒溫箱來提供溫度環(huán)境,。

這類恒溫箱主要有以下需求:(1)為了讓被測物在測量中盡量不受溫度變化的影響,,控溫穩(wěn)定時(shí)的溫度波動(dòng)度應(yīng)小于±0.2 ℃;(2)需要具備可程控功能,,方便用戶對溫度曲線進(jìn)行編程,。經(jīng)過調(diào)研,許多市面上成熟的恒溫箱產(chǎn)品其溫度波動(dòng)度大都為±0.5 ℃以上,,很難滿足要求,。

溫度控制系統(tǒng)需要控制加熱或制冷設(shè)備的輸出量,使之與系統(tǒng)的散熱量或散冷量相當(dāng),進(jìn)入熱平衡狀態(tài),,從而達(dá)到控溫的目的,,其中的難點(diǎn)在于對溫度波動(dòng)度的控制。在溫控系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)中,,可以采用PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)模式來調(diào)節(jié)加熱或制冷設(shè)備的工作時(shí)長,,從而控制這些設(shè)備的平均功率,也可以使用DAC(Digital to Analog Converter)模塊并采用動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整電壓的方式來控制這些設(shè)備的輸出功率,。文獻(xiàn)中的溫度控制系統(tǒng)大多采用PWM模式來驅(qū)動(dòng)加熱或制冷設(shè)備,,例如,文獻(xiàn)[4]中吳蒙娜設(shè)計(jì)了一種粒子加速器溫度控制系統(tǒng),,通過單片機(jī)輸出不同占空比的PWM波,,并采用H橋驅(qū)動(dòng)電路來雙向驅(qū)動(dòng)制冷片,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了±0.2 ℃的控溫精度,;文獻(xiàn)[5]中McDowell等人設(shè)計(jì)了一種用于植物生長試驗(yàn)的溫度控制器,,通過Arduino Nano開發(fā)板輸出PWM模式,在大電流范圍內(nèi)對加熱器和空調(diào)進(jìn)行控制,,實(shí)現(xiàn)了±0.3 ℃的控溫精度,。




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作者信息:

柴恒1,2,,武杰1,2,,伍航1,,2,戚勝宇1,,2,,馬鈺博1,2

(1.中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué) 近代物理系,, 安徽 合肥 230026,;
2.中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué) 核探測技術(shù)與核電子學(xué)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室, 安徽 合肥 230026)


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