《電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用》
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馮·諾依曼瓶頸下計(jì)算機(jī)體系結(jié)構(gòu)的創(chuàng)新
電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用 11期
呂啟聞1,,陳澤乾1,2,,張曦月3,周朋1,,張魯峰1,,于春霖1,3,,陳欽3,,葉濤4,李璇1
(1.中國(guó)長(zhǎng)城科技集團(tuán)股份有限公司 中國(guó)長(zhǎng)城研究院,, 廣東 深圳 518057,;2.中南大學(xué) 計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)院, 湖南 長(zhǎng)沙 410083,; 3.中國(guó)電子信息產(chǎn)業(yè)集團(tuán)有限公司 科技發(fā)展部,, 廣東 深圳 518057;4.南方科技大學(xué) 工學(xué)院,, 廣東 深圳 518055)
摘要: 在計(jì)算機(jī)體系結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展過程中,,馮·諾依曼架構(gòu)無(wú)疑是最為傳統(tǒng)且主流的架構(gòu)之一。為了追求更加高速的計(jì)算效率,,人們?cè)隈T·諾依曼架構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上不斷做出優(yōu)化,,直至達(dá)到其發(fā)展瓶頸。從傳統(tǒng)馮·諾依曼架構(gòu)出發(fā),,分析了該架構(gòu)固有的局限性,,并列舉了針對(duì)這些局限性所作出的基本改良措施。然后具體介紹了存算一體,、數(shù)據(jù)流計(jì)算等在馮·諾依曼架構(gòu)上進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新的多種技術(shù)手段,。最后簡(jiǎn)述了突破原始電子計(jì)算機(jī)物理材料體系的其他非馮·諾依曼架構(gòu)的發(fā)展歷程,例如類腦計(jì)算機(jī)和量子計(jì)算機(jī)等,,并展望了現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)體系結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展前景與方向,。
中圖分類號(hào):TP303
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.233839
引用格式: 呂啟聞,陳澤乾,,張曦月,,等. 馮·諾依曼瓶頸下計(jì)算機(jī)體系結(jié)構(gòu)的創(chuàng)新[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,2023,,49(11):28-34.
Innovation of computer architecture under the bottleneck of von Neuman
Lv Qiwen1,,Chen Zeqian1,2,,Zhang Xiyue3,,Zhou Peng1,Zhang Lufeng1,,Yu Chunlin1,3,Chen Qin3,,Ye Tao4,,Li Xuan1
(1.China Great Wall Research Institute, China Great Wall Technology Group Co.,, Ltd,, Shenzhen 518057, China,;2.College of Computing,, Central South University, Changsha 410083,, China,;3.Science and Technology Development Department, China Electronics Corporation,, Shenzhen 518057,, China;4.College of Engineering,, Southern University of Science and Technology,, Shenzhen 518055, China)
Abstract: In the development of computer architecture, the von Neumann architecture is undoubtedly one of the most traditional and mainstream architectures. In order to pursue higher-speed computing efficiency, people continue to make optimizations on the basis of the von Neumann architecture until it reaches its development bottleneck. Starting from the traditional von Neumann architecture, this paper analyzes the inherent limitations of the architecture, and lists the basic improvement measures for these limitations. Then it specifically introduces a variety of technical means for innovation on the von Neumann architecture, such as the computing in memory, and data flow calculation. Finally, the development process of other non-von Neumann architectures that break through the original electronic computer physical material system, such as brain-inspired computer and quantum computer, is briefly described, and the development prospects and directions of modern computer architectures are prospected.
Key words : architecture,;von Neumann bottleneck,;data flow computers;non-von Neumann architecture

【引言】

電子計(jì)算機(jī)自問世以來(lái)經(jīng)過80余年的持續(xù)探索與發(fā)展[1],,逐漸成為當(dāng)今世界人類工作和生活中不可或缺的部分,,推動(dòng)了各行各業(yè)和社會(huì)的發(fā)展,是人類歷史上最偉大的發(fā)明之一,。電子計(jì)算機(jī)發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在以來(lái)所遵循的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為傳統(tǒng)的馮·諾依曼架構(gòu)[2],。隨著人工智能等高新技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展與應(yīng)用,傳統(tǒng)馮·諾依曼架構(gòu)由于其固有缺陷,,已難以適應(yīng)與處理對(duì)算力要求極高的任務(wù),,電子計(jì)算機(jī)架構(gòu)的創(chuàng)新與突破成為了亟待解決的重要問題。本文將深入探討到目前為止,,為解決傳統(tǒng)馮·諾依曼架構(gòu)的缺陷所采取的思路與解決方案,。


文章詳細(xì)內(nèi)容下載請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊:馮·諾依曼瓶頸下計(jì)算機(jī)體系結(jié)構(gòu)的創(chuàng)新AET-電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用-最豐富的電子設(shè)計(jì)資源平臺(tái) (chinaaet.com)


【作者信息】

呂啟聞1,陳澤乾1,,2,,張曦月3,周朋1,,張魯峰1,,于春霖1,,3,陳欽3,,葉濤4,,李璇1

(1.中國(guó)長(zhǎng)城科技集團(tuán)股份有限公司 中國(guó)長(zhǎng)城研究院, 廣東 深圳 518057,;2.中南大學(xué) 計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)院,, 湖南 長(zhǎng)沙 410083;

3.中國(guó)電子信息產(chǎn)業(yè)集團(tuán)有限公司 科技發(fā)展部,, 廣東 深圳 518057,;4.南方科技大學(xué) 工學(xué)院, 廣東 深圳 518055)




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