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面向國產神威眾核架構的區(qū)域氣候模式CWRF性能優(yōu)化技術
2022年電子技術應用第1期
呂小敬1,,2,,劉 釗2,3,,蔡蕙伊2,,李錦薇2
1.中國船舶科學研究中心,江蘇 無錫214000,;2.國家超級計算無錫中心,,江蘇 無錫214000; 3.清華大學,,北京100084
摘要: 區(qū)域氣候模式CWRF(Climate-Weather Research and Forecasting model)是國家氣候中心區(qū)域氣候預測系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,,也是系統(tǒng)最耗時的程序。高性能計算是提高CWRF數值預報計算性能的關鍵技術,,開展CWRF模式在國產神威眾核架構上的移植和優(yōu)化,,提高模式的模擬效率,對模式的擴展,、開發(fā)能力和可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義,。基于國產眾核SW26010處理器,,完成了CWRF區(qū)域氣候模式的移植,、性能分析和深入性能優(yōu)化,采用訪存優(yōu)化、Cache命中率優(yōu)化及眾核加速優(yōu)化等方法,,對CWRF模式動力過程,、物理過程和I/O過程計算代碼進行重構及眾核加速。結果表明:優(yōu)化技術可使CWRF動力過程平均加速2倍,,最高加速6.4倍,,物理過程平均加速1.7倍,最高加速5.4倍,,I/O過程加速1.2倍,,程序整體最高加速1.4倍,計算誤差在合理范圍內,。
中圖分類號: TP391
文獻標識碼: A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.212397
中文引用格式: 呂小敬,,劉釗,蔡蕙伊,,等. 面向國產神威眾核架構的區(qū)域氣候模式CWRF性能優(yōu)化技術[J].電子技術應用,,2022,48(1):31-38.
英文引用格式: Lv Xiaojing,,Liu Zhao,,Cai Huiyi,et al. Optimization technology for regional climate model-CWRF based on domestic Sunway many-core architecture[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,,2022,48(1):31-38.
Optimization technology for regional climate model-CWRF based on domestic Sunway many-core architecture
Lv Xiaojing1,,2,,Liu Zhao2,3,,Cai Huiyi2,,Li Jinwei2
1.China Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214000,,China,; 2.National Supercomputing Center in Wuxi,Wuxi 214000,,China,;3.Tsinghua University,Beijing 100080,,China
Abstract: CWRF(Climate-Weather Research and Forecasting model) is a component of the regional climate prediction system built in the National Climate Center, and consumes the largest proportion of time. High performance computing is a key technology used to improve the compactional performance of CWRF. Carrying out the configuration and optimization of the CWRF model based on the domestic Sunway many-core system, improving the simulation efficiency are of great significance for the speedup, as well as the development capability and sustainable development of the model. This paper completed the configuration and performance evaluation of CWRF based on the SW26010 many-core architecture. Memory access optimization, Cache hit rate optimization, many-core acceleration models are introduced to speedup CWRF relating to the dynamic-core process, physical process and I/O process. The results show that the average speed of the dynamic process is 2 times and the highest speed is 6.4 times, the average speed of the physical process is 1.7 times and the highest speed is 5.4 times, the I/O process speeds up 1.2 times, the overall program speeds up to 1.4 times, and the calculation error is reasonable.
Key words : CWRF,;high performance computing;Sunway,;SW26010

0 引言

    隨著社會經濟技術的快速發(fā)展,,人民生活水平不斷提高,國家和社會對短期氣候預測精準度的需求越來越高。我國地處東亞季風區(qū),,受全球變暖的影響,,災害性極端氣候事件日益頻發(fā),對我國經濟生產和人民生活造成了嚴重影響,,因此高質量的中短期天氣預報,,季節(jié)內-季節(jié)-年代際尺度的氣候預測和預估,對于減災防災,,促進我國國民經濟持續(xù)增長和社會發(fā)展有重要而迫切的意義[1-2],。

    數值預報預測是提升氣候模式預測能力的核心技術,數值預報預測的研究依賴于高性能計算設備[3-4],,大的氣候氣象中心都擁有自己的高性能計算設備專門用于氣象氣候方面的研究,,如美國NCAR(美國國家大氣科學研究中心)[5]、ORNL(美國橡樹嶺國產實驗室)[6],、德國DKRZ(氣候計算研究中心)[7]等,。同時世界各地很多超級計算機系統(tǒng)都部署了氣候氣象數值預報應用,如意大利投入并使用超級計算機用于支持高分辨率氣象氣候建模[8],,英國擁有國家超級計算機Cray XC40系統(tǒng),,并用于氣象學、氣候變化等的研究[9],。




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作者信息:

呂小敬1,2,,劉  釗2,,3,蔡蕙伊2,,李錦薇2

(1.中國船舶科學研究中心,,江蘇 無錫214000;2.國家超級計算無錫中心,,江蘇 無錫214000,;

3.清華大學,北京100084)




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