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基于PSO的恒力執(zhí)行器PID型模糊控制器
2023年電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用第2期
鐘紹武1,,胡燕海1,,徐堅(jiān)磊2,陳海輝2,,周太平2
1.寧波大學(xué) 機(jī)械工程與力學(xué)學(xué)院,,浙江 寧波 315211,;2.寧波航工智能裝備有限公司,浙江 寧波 315311
摘要: 針對(duì)打磨機(jī)器人在打磨過程中對(duì)恒力控制精度和響應(yīng)速度的要求,,提出了一種基于粒子群優(yōu)化算法的恒力執(zhí)行器PID型模糊控制器,。設(shè)計(jì)新型PID型模糊控制器,減少設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)則庫(kù)數(shù)量,;提出變權(quán)重綜合型適應(yīng)度函數(shù),,結(jié)合誤差積分絕對(duì)值和控制信號(hào)積分絕對(duì)值優(yōu)化PID型模糊控制器的綜合性能,同時(shí)減小超調(diào)量與穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差,;采用自適應(yīng)慣性權(quán)重策略加快粒子群迭代速度,,使用粒子群算法對(duì)PID型模糊控制的比例因子進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。仿真結(jié)果表明,,經(jīng)過粒子群優(yōu)化的PID型模糊控制實(shí)現(xiàn)了打磨力的平穩(wěn)輸出,,響應(yīng)速度提升10%,調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)間縮短14%,,系統(tǒng)無(wú)超調(diào),、無(wú)振蕩,,提高了打磨力的控制精度。
中圖分類號(hào):TP273
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.223182
中文引用格式: 鐘紹武,,胡燕海,,徐堅(jiān)磊,等. 基于PSO的恒力執(zhí)行器PID型模糊控制器[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,,2023,,49(2):61-66.
英文引用格式: Zhong Shaowu,Hu Yanhai,,Xu Jianlei,,et al. A PID-type T-S fuzzy controller for constant force actuator based on PSO[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2023,,49(2):61-66.
A PID-type T-S fuzzy controller for constant force actuator based on PSO
Zhong Shaowu1,,Hu Yanhai1,Xu Jianlei2,,Chen Haihui2,Zhou Taiping2
1.Faculty of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics,, Ningbo University,, Ningbo 315211, China,; 2.Ningbo Hanggong Intelligent Equipment Co.,, Ltd., Ningbo 315311,, China
Abstract: Aiming at the requirement of constant force control precision and response speed of grinding robot in grinding process, a PID-type fuzzy controller for constant force actuator optimized with particle swarm optimization is proposed. A new PID-type fuzzy controller is designed to reduce the number of design rule bases. The variable weight comprehensive fitness function is proposed, which combines the absolute value of the error integral and the absolute value of the control signal integral to optimized the comprehensive performance of the PID-type fuzzy controller, while reducing overshoot quantity and steady-state error. The adaptive inertia weight strategy is used to speed up the iteration speed of the particle swarm, the scale factors of the PID-type fuzzy controller is optimized with the particle swarm algorithm. The simulation results show that comparing to the traditional PID the PID-type fuzzy controller with particle swarm optimization has a smoother output curve, its response speed is increased by 10%, its adjustment time is shortened by 14%, and it has no overshoot and no oscillation, which improves the control precision of grinding force.
Key words : robot grinding,;constant force control;PID-type fuzzy control,;fitness function,;particle swarm optimization

0 引言

    機(jī)器人在對(duì)工件進(jìn)行打磨作業(yè)時(shí),在振動(dòng),、工件質(zhì)量以及磨損等因素的影響下,,打磨工具和工件之間的接觸力發(fā)生變化[1],使加工質(zhì)量達(dá)不到預(yù)期目標(biāo),。所以,,實(shí)現(xiàn)打磨工具與工件接觸力恒定在打磨作業(yè)中具有重要意義。近年來(lái),,基于機(jī)械式被動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)[2],、氣動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)[3]、電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)[4]等的恒力執(zhí)行器被廣泛應(yīng)用,。因?yàn)榭諝饩哂辛己玫捻槕?yīng)性,,故以氣缸為基礎(chǔ)的氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)使用最為廣泛,。由于可壓縮性以及靜摩擦影響,氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的非線性系統(tǒng),,因此在氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中實(shí)現(xiàn)精準(zhǔn)的力控制具有重要意義,。

    一些智能控制算法(如模糊邏輯、神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)等)的發(fā)展為氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的控制提供了更多的選擇[5-6],。Jin等人[7]采用BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)PID控制策略進(jìn)行氣動(dòng)式拋光力控制,,該方法相對(duì)于PID控制具有跟好的抗干擾能力;黃婷等[8]為實(shí)現(xiàn)打磨機(jī)器人的力/位控制,提出一種基于氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的被動(dòng)柔順裝置,,對(duì)位姿干擾進(jìn)行了補(bǔ)償,,并且采用非線性PD控制以提高接觸力響應(yīng)速度;Dai[9]等人提出然后采用反步法結(jié)合 PID方法控制磨削末端執(zhí)行器跟蹤預(yù)期的磨削力,提高了系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)性能以及汽車輪轂的磨拋質(zhì)量,。這些方法對(duì)于氣動(dòng)非線性系統(tǒng)的控制效果都有都有一定的提升,,但氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)具有不確定性[10],氣動(dòng)元件的靜摩擦以及溫度引起的狀態(tài)參量變化等因素使對(duì)象的精準(zhǔn)模型難以獲得,,基于固定參數(shù)的PID控制器難以得到理想的控制效果,。相比較而言,模糊控制具有較強(qiáng)的魯棒性,,可以對(duì)控制對(duì)象的近似模型的進(jìn)行良好的控制[11],。




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作者信息:

鐘紹武1,,胡燕海1,,徐堅(jiān)磊2,陳海輝2,,周太平2

(1.寧波大學(xué) 機(jī)械工程與力學(xué)學(xué)院,,浙江 寧波 315211;2.寧波航工智能裝備有限公司,,浙江 寧波 315311)




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