自動駕駛極端情況下的算法治理探究
網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理 2023年3期
韋欣荃
(清華大學(xué)法學(xué)院,,北京100084)
摘要: 隨著自動駕駛汽車技術(shù)的發(fā)展,,極端情況下的事故算法將傳統(tǒng)的電車難題思想實驗轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樨酱鉀Q的現(xiàn)實困境。極端情況算法不僅直接關(guān)系到所有道路交通使用者的生命安全,,還涉及自動駕駛交通事故責(zé)任的分配與承擔(dān),,需要在智能網(wǎng)聯(lián)汽車正式上路與商業(yè)化運(yùn)營前給出明確的部署方案,。基于已有的應(yīng)用倫理學(xué)理論,、機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)編碼道德,、用戶預(yù)設(shè)道德選擇三類風(fēng)險分配方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),本文從生產(chǎn)商可能承擔(dān)的法律風(fēng)險出發(fā),,提出一種可能的風(fēng)險分配思路,,期望通過設(shè)立一定規(guī)則排除刑事責(zé)任,緩減民事賠償責(zé)任,,利用法律,、倫理和技術(shù)的有機(jī)結(jié)合構(gòu)建極端情況算法規(guī)制框架。
中圖分類號:D92
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A
DOI:10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2023.03.007
引用格式:韋欣荃.自動駕駛極端情況下的算法治理探究[J].網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理,,2023,42(3):38-45.
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A
DOI:10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2023.03.007
引用格式:韋欣荃.自動駕駛極端情況下的算法治理探究[J].網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理,,2023,42(3):38-45.
Research on algorithm governance in extreme situations of autonomous driving
Wei Xinquan
(School of Law, Tsinghua University,,Beijing 100084,China)
Abstract: With the development of automated and connected vehicles, accidentalgorithms in extreme traffic situations have transformed traditional trolley problem into realworld dilemmas. Because accidentalgorithms are directly related to the safety of all road traffic users, and also involve the allocation of responsibility for traffic accidents, it is important to find a feasible solution before the industry of automated and connected vehicles is officially commercialized. There are several kinds of approaches to deal with this problem, like applying ethics theory, coding ethics with machine learning and presetting users’ moral choice. Based on the advantages and disadvantages of these existing approaches, this paper proposes a possible risk allocation plan, setting certain rules to exclude producers’ criminal liability and alleviate civil liability, hoping to build a regulatory framework in extreme conditions with the combination of law, ethics and technology.
Key words : automated and connected vehicles,;accidentalgorithms,;risk allocation
0 引言
隨著人工智能技術(shù)的發(fā)展,各國政府,、國際組織都高度重視人工智能治理的倫理難題,,積極回應(yīng)緊張人機(jī)關(guān)系中的倫理訴求。智能網(wǎng)聯(lián)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)作為人工智能發(fā)展的重要分支,,其倫理問題因涉及網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全,、人機(jī)交互、隱私保護(hù)等方面而備受關(guān)注,。其中,,極端情況下的碰撞選擇是最為核心的倫理沖突之一。自動駕駛的發(fā)展使得“電車難題”式的碰撞從兩難情況的倫理思考變?yōu)槎嘀剡x擇的現(xiàn)實困境,,關(guān)于生命價值能否被衡量,、如何分配道路交通風(fēng)險等倫理討論成為自動駕駛發(fā)展過程中必須直面的難題。
本文詳細(xì)內(nèi)容請下載:http://forexkbc.com/resource/share/2000005254
作者信息:
韋欣荃
(清華大學(xué)法學(xué)院,北京100084)
此內(nèi)容為AET網(wǎng)站原創(chuàng),,未經(jīng)授權(quán)禁止轉(zhuǎn)載,。