遺傳基因信息的私人財(cái)產(chǎn)性法律保護(hù)證成
網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理
邢恩銘
中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院大學(xué)法學(xué)院
摘要： 公民的基因權(quán)利明確直接地反映并體現(xiàn)并維護(hù)人的生命尊嚴(yán),。隨著生物技術(shù)更新迭代,，遺傳基因信息作為特殊的敏感個(gè)人信息，不僅具有高度識(shí)別性,，更與個(gè)人權(quán)益息息相關(guān),。我國(guó)在遺傳基因信息的保護(hù)上亟需明晰的法律保護(hù)路徑。以美國(guó)關(guān)于遺傳基因信息的法治脈絡(luò)為向?qū)?，可以看到《美?guó)憲法第四修正案》（Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution）對(duì)公民財(cái)產(chǎn)性權(quán)益的補(bǔ)正,，覆蓋遺傳基因信息的保護(hù)需求。借鑒其他建立在隱私利益基礎(chǔ)上的財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán),，我國(guó)應(yīng)當(dāng)通過(guò)立法構(gòu)建遺傳基因信息的財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)路徑,，在尊重公民個(gè)體生命尊嚴(yán)的基礎(chǔ)上為基因科技的革新服務(wù)。
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)：D90文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：ADOI:10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2024.11.017引用格式：邢恩銘.遺傳基因信息的私人財(cái)產(chǎn)性法律保護(hù)證成［J］.網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理,，2024,，43（11）：110-115.
The legal protection of the private property nature of genetic information
Xing Enming
School of Law，Chinese Academy of Social Sciences University
Abstract： The genetic rights of citizens clearly and directly reflect, embody, and safeguard human dignity. With the rapid evolution of biotechnology, genetic information, as a special type of sensitive personal data, is not only highly identifiable but also closely related to individual rights and interests. There is an urgent need for a clear legal protection pathway for the protection of genetic information in China. Taking the legal context of genetic information in the United States as a guide, one can see that the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution corrects the property rights of citizens, covering the protection needs of genetic information. Drawing on other property rights based on privacy interests, China should construct a property right protection pathway for genetic information through legislation, serving the innovation of genetic technology on the basis of respecting the dignity of individual citizens′ lives.
Key words : genetic information; legal interests; technological innovation; ethical governance
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作者信息：
邢恩銘
（中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院大學(xué)法學(xué)院,，北京100102）
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