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準(zhǔn)諧振與有源鉗位反激變換器的性能比較和分析
電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用
劉志斌,,潘永雄,,吳健鴻
廣東工業(yè)大學(xué) 物理與光電工程學(xué)院
摘要: 高頻、高效和高功率密度已成為AC-DC變換器重要的設(shè)計(jì)指標(biāo),。傳統(tǒng)準(zhǔn)諧振反激變換器因其漏感能量多借助無(wú)源電阻元件以熱能形式釋放,,不具備ZVS特性,限制了功率密度的進(jìn)一步提升,,而有源鉗位反激變換器能彌補(bǔ)準(zhǔn)諧振反激變換器的不足,。先簡(jiǎn)述準(zhǔn)諧振反激變換器與有源鉗位反激變換器的工作原理,接著分析準(zhǔn)諧振與有源鉗位反激變換器主要性能指標(biāo)差異,,然后設(shè)計(jì)并制作兩款48 W的準(zhǔn)諧振反激變換器樣機(jī)和有源鉗位反激變換器樣機(jī)以便獲得相關(guān)的試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),,作為性能比較分析的依據(jù)。
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):TN86 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234337
中文引用格式: 劉志斌,,潘永雄,,吳健鴻. 準(zhǔn)諧振與有源鉗位反激變換器的性能比較和分析[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,2024,50(4):115-120.
英文引用格式: Liu Zhibin,,Pan Yongxiong,,Wu Jianhong. Performance comparison and analysis of quasi resonant and active clamp flyback converters[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2024,,50(4):115-120.
Performance comparison and analysis of quasi resonant and active clamp flyback converters
Liu Zhibin,,Pan Yongxiong,Wu Jianhong
School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,,Guangdong University of Technology
Abstract: High frequency, high efficiency, and high power density have become important design indicators for AC-DC converters. Traditional quasi resonant flyback converters, due to their reliance on passive resistive components to release leakage energy in the form of thermal energy, do not possess ZVS characteristics, which limits the further improvement of power density. However, active clamp flyback converters can compensate for the shortcomings of quasi resonant flyback converters. This article firstly outlines the working principles of the quasi resonant flyback converter and the active clamp flyback converter, and analyzes the main performance differences between the quasi resonant and active clamp flyback converters. Then, two 48 W quasi resonant flyback converter prototypes and active clamp flyback converter prototypes are designed and manufactured to obtain relevant experimental data as a basis for performance comparison and analysis.
Key words : quasi resonant,;active clamping flyback;flyback converters

引言

隨著便攜式電子設(shè)備和電池快速充電技術(shù)的發(fā)展,,要求電源適配器的體積更小,、輸出功率更大,顯然提高適配器開(kāi)關(guān)頻率和效率對(duì)減小電源適配器尺寸至關(guān)重要[1-2],。反激變換器具有輸入輸出電氣隔離,、電路結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、成本低等優(yōu)勢(shì),,被廣泛應(yīng)用于手機(jī),、筆記本電腦等各類(lèi)便攜式電子產(chǎn)品中。然而,,反激變換器儲(chǔ)能變壓器的漏感較大,,在關(guān)斷瞬間開(kāi)關(guān)管的漏源極將出現(xiàn)很高的尖峰脈沖電壓,為此需要在變壓器初級(jí)繞組兩端設(shè)置鉗位電路來(lái)吸收漏感能量,,以防止開(kāi)關(guān)管過(guò)壓擊穿[3-4],。傳統(tǒng)反激變換器常用阻容二極管(RCD)鉗位電路,RCD鉗位電路借助鉗位電容與漏感發(fā)生諧振,,將存儲(chǔ)在漏感中的能量轉(zhuǎn)化為熱能耗散掉[5-6],。盡管RCD鉗位電路可以解決漏感能量在變壓器磁芯堆積帶來(lái)的可靠性問(wèn)題,但漏感能量沒(méi)有得到利用,,損耗大,,需要較大的體積以便散熱,降低了反激變換器的功率密度,。為此,,損耗更小的準(zhǔn)諧振(Quasi-Resonant,QR)[7]技術(shù)被提出了,。

QR反激變換器在開(kāi)關(guān)管漏源電壓谷底觸發(fā)開(kāi)關(guān)管開(kāi)通,,存儲(chǔ)在開(kāi)關(guān)管輸出寄生電容Coss中的能量得到了部分利用,從而減小了開(kāi)關(guān)管的開(kāi)通損耗,,提高了系統(tǒng)效率,。但QR反激變換器的關(guān)斷損耗,、導(dǎo)通損耗及鉗位電路的損耗與傳統(tǒng)反激變換器相同,依然較大,,效率提升幅度有限,,并且損耗隨著開(kāi)關(guān)頻率的增加而增大,因此QR反激變換器通常工作在150 kHz以下,,限制了其功率密度的進(jìn)一步提升[8],。而有源鉗位反激變換器(Active-clamp Flyback,ACF)具有更高的工作頻率,、效率和功率密度,,并且能夠彌補(bǔ)QR反激變換器的缺陷[9-10]。目前有關(guān)QR反激變換器和有源鉗位反激變換器性能指標(biāo)差異深度分析的文獻(xiàn)不多,,為此本文簡(jiǎn)要介紹QR和ACF反激變換器的工作原理,,制作輸出電壓為24 V,、輸出功率為48 W的基于QR和ACF反激拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的AC-DC變換器,,在相同輸入條件下分別測(cè)量效率、損耗,、功率元件溫升等主要性能指標(biāo),,為兩種反激拓?fù)湫阅鼙容^提供實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。


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作者信息:

劉志斌,,潘永雄,,吳健鴻

(廣東工業(yè)大學(xué) 物理與光電工程學(xué)院,廣東 廣州 510006)


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