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基于HMM模型的煤炭開(kāi)采沖擊模型分析
2022年電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用第6期
李衛(wèi)龍1,,汪 青2,,劉 欣1,,張燦明1
1.安徽省煤炭科學(xué)研究院,,安徽 合肥230001,;2.安徽新華學(xué)院,,安徽 合肥230000
摘要: 針對(duì)煤炭生產(chǎn)開(kāi)采中沖擊地壓的安全問(wèn)題,,提出基于隱馬爾可夫(HMM)模型的煤炭開(kāi)采沖擊模型評(píng)估分析,,通過(guò)選取煤炭開(kāi)采環(huán)境正常以及異常狀態(tài)下的采集數(shù)據(jù)樣本作為離線訓(xùn)練樣本,,得到預(yù)開(kāi)采環(huán)境模型參數(shù);再通過(guò)實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)煤炭開(kāi)采采集數(shù)據(jù)樣本作為在線訓(xùn)練樣本,,將實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)送入預(yù)開(kāi)采環(huán)境模型進(jìn)行評(píng)估,,在最大似然度下學(xué)習(xí)得出其最大概率,通過(guò)匹配得到系統(tǒng)當(dāng)前運(yùn)行狀態(tài),。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,該模型在煤炭開(kāi)采沖擊中有較高的可靠性,煤炭安全監(jiān)測(cè)工作穩(wěn)定,。
中圖分類號(hào): TP312
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.212273
中文引用格式: 李衛(wèi)龍,,汪青,劉欣,,等. 基于HMM模型的煤炭開(kāi)采沖擊模型分析[J].電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,,2022,48(6):89-91,,97.
英文引用格式: Li Weilong,,Wang Qing,Liu Xin,,et al. Analysis of coal mining impact model based on HMM model[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,,2022,48(6):89-91,,97.
Analysis of coal mining impact model based on HMM model
Li Weilong1,,Wang Qing2,Liu Xin1,,Zhang Canming1
1.Anhui Academy of Coal Science,,Hefei 230001,China,;2.Anhui Xinhua University,,Hefei 230000,,China
Abstract: In view of the safety problem of rock burst in coal production and mining, an assessment and analysis of coal mining impact model based on hidden Markov(HMM) model was proposed. Data samples collected under normal and abnormal conditions in coal mining environment were selected as offline training samples to obtain parameters of pre-mining environment model. Then through real-time detection of coal mining data samples as online training samples, real-time data is sent to the pre-mining environment model for evaluation, and the maximum probability is obtained according to the maximum likelihood learning, and the current operating state of the system is obtained through matching. The experimental results show that the model has high reliability in the coal mining impact and the coal safety monitoring work is stable.
Key words : rock burst pressure;hidden Markov model,;off-line training,;maximum likelihood

0 引言

    隨著煤礦開(kāi)采深度與強(qiáng)度不斷增加,礦井以及開(kāi)采工作臺(tái)周?chē)饾u出現(xiàn)彈性形變,,礦井彈性沖擊災(zāi)害發(fā)生的頻次也隨之增多,,預(yù)防沖擊地壓動(dòng)力災(zāi)害是煤礦安全生產(chǎn)的重中之重[1-3]。在煤礦開(kāi)采深度不斷加深過(guò)程中,,彈性形變集聚能量的過(guò)程會(huì)由線型狀態(tài)向指數(shù)型狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變,。該形變所攜帶的能量會(huì)造成很強(qiáng)的破壞性,嚴(yán)重威脅煤礦開(kāi)采安全,。在煤層集聚的能量達(dá)到或超過(guò)沖擊地壓臨界能量時(shí),,煤巖層由彈性形變所聚積的能量瞬間釋放,該能量釋放時(shí)將煤巖體拋出,;同時(shí),,由爆炸引發(fā)工作面周?chē)鷼怏w急劇膨脹,對(duì)井下設(shè)備和開(kāi)采工作面造成破壞,,并有可能對(duì)正在工作的人員造成傷亡,,甚至該能量瞬間釋放所造成的振動(dòng)會(huì)給其他工作面帶來(lái)安全隱患[4-6]

    針對(duì)監(jiān)測(cè)煤礦沖擊地壓?jiǎn)栴},,大致有以下幾種方法:鉆屑法,、煤巖體觀察法和電磁輻射法等[7-13]。許多研究者根據(jù)煤礦環(huán)境多因素共同作用等問(wèn)題,,提出大量災(zāi)害預(yù)測(cè)模型,,如朱麗媛等提出深部礦井沖擊地壓、瓦斯突出復(fù)合災(zāi)害發(fā)生機(jī)理,,在隨著瓦斯壓力的增大,,煤巖層的能量指標(biāo)降低,降低其沖擊傾向性[3],。在沖擊地壓危險(xiǎn)預(yù)測(cè)方面,,根據(jù)溫廷新等提出的基于預(yù)處理的果蠅優(yōu)化算法優(yōu)化極限學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)(AFOA-ELM)模型能夠有效預(yù)測(cè)沖擊地壓發(fā)生,但果蠅優(yōu)化算法是在一個(gè)固定范圍隨機(jī)搜索步長(zhǎng),,在面對(duì)混合參數(shù)時(shí)難以做到自適應(yīng)調(diào)整尋優(yōu)能力[2],。在當(dāng)煤礦頂板巖層剛度小于礦柱抗變形剛度時(shí),礦井彈性沖擊地壓會(huì)隨之發(fā)生,,當(dāng)煤巖層承受的負(fù)荷達(dá)到極限強(qiáng)度時(shí),,煤礦工作面也會(huì)遭到破壞,沖擊地壓誘導(dǎo)災(zāi)害發(fā)生,。煤礦沖擊地壓的過(guò)程包括多個(gè)沖擊階段,,李振雷等通過(guò)研究煤礦開(kāi)采工作面破裂過(guò)程的同源聲電響應(yīng)特征及煤礦沖擊破壞的時(shí)序演變規(guī)律和空間孕育特征來(lái)為沖擊地壓監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警研究提供依據(jù)[7],。




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作者信息:

李衛(wèi)龍1,,汪  青2,,劉  欣1,張燦明1

(1.安徽省煤炭科學(xué)研究院,,安徽 合肥230001,;2.安徽新華學(xué)院,,安徽 合肥230000)




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